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  • This house regrets the reliance on international peacekeepers in post-conflict zones

    Infoslide

    Peacekeepers are personnel deployed under international authority, most commonly through the United Nations, regional organizations, or multinational coalitions, to help maintain peace and security in areas of conflict or post-conflict. Their roles typically include monitoring ceasefires, separating combatants, protecting civilians, facilitating the delivery of humanitarian aid, supporting the disarmament and reintegration of armed groups, and assisting with the rebuilding of political and legal institutions. Peacekeeping forces can consist of military troops, police units, and civilian staff, and they usually operate with the consent of the host state and the parties to the conflict. Their mandate and rules of engagement are set by the authorizing body, often emphasizing impartiality and the limited use of force except in self-defense or to protect civilians.

    Shanghai WSDC Open 2025 · U16 Semi Finals · 2025-09-12

  • This house regrets the reliance on international peacekeepers in post-conflict zones

    Infoslide

    Peacekeepers are personnel deployed under international authority, most commonly through the United Nations, regional organizations, or multinational coalitions, to help maintain peace and security in areas of conflict or post-conflict. Their roles typically include monitoring ceasefires, separating combatants, protecting civilians, facilitating the delivery of humanitarian aid, supporting the disarmament and reintegration of armed groups, and assisting with the rebuilding of political and legal institutions. Peacekeeping forces can consist of military troops, police units, and civilian staff, and they usually operate with the consent of the host state and the parties to the conflict. Their mandate and rules of engagement are set by the authorizing body, often emphasizing impartiality and the limited use of force except in self-defense or to protect civilians.

    Shanghai WSDC Open 2025 · U14 Semi Finals · 2025-09-12

  • You are the world leader of a country on the precipice of nuclear war with another nation. This house believes that it is morally justified for you to give the order to authorize Launch on Warning.

    Infoslide

    Launch on Warning is a nuclear weapons strategy in which a state launches its nuclear missiles immediately upon receiving credible early-warning signals that an adversary has launched (or is about to launch) a nuclear strike, but before the incoming missiles actually land. The policy relies on early-warning systems such as satellites and radar to detect launches. The rationale is to prevent a country’s nuclear arsenal from being destroyed in a first strike and to ensure a guaranteed retaliatory capability (i.e., maintaining “deterrence” through second-strike capability).

    Shanghai WSDC Open 2025 · Grand Final · 2025-09-12

  • This house opposes the ban of Bangladesh Awami League by the interim government

    Infoslide

    The July Revolution of 2024 in Bangladesh was a student-led mass uprising against the authoritarian government of the Bangladesh Awami League (BAL) under Sheikh Hasina, ending its fifteen years in power. Protests arose in response to widespread corruption, the detention and killing of dissidents by security agencies, and the mass shooting of protesters during July 2024. In its aftermath, the student revolutionaries installed an interim government led by Nobel laureate Dr. Muhammad Yunus, under whose leadership the BAL was banned. However, during the interim period, concerns over national security persisted, as lawlessness and mob violence reportedly increased. Today, Bangladesh’s political landscape features the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP), which has been in power for two terms; the newly formed National Citizens Party (NCP), created by the July revolutionaries; and Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh (JIB), which has in the past aligned with both BAL and BNP. Alongside these parties, various Islamic groups and smaller left-leaning parties remain active

    IIUM KUANTAN ABP · Round 3 · 2025-09-12

  • This house believes that Singapore should re-introduce the jury system for capital offences

    Infoslide

    For the purposes of this debate, the jury system refers to a sworn body of randomly selected adult citizens (jurors) in criminal courts who are convened to hear evidence, make findings of fact, and render an impartial verdict officially submitted to the court, or to set a penalty for the offender. The jury system was imported into Singapore under colonial rule. In 1960, Singapore restricted jury trial to capital offences (i.e., offences that are punishable by death), and abolished the system altogether in 1970.

    Youth Debate Open 2025 · Semifinals · 2025-09-08

  • This house prefers common good constitutionalism to liberal constitutionalism

    Infoslide

    Common-Good Constitutionalism (CGC) and Liberal Constitutionalism represent contrasting approaches to understanding the purpose and interpretation of law. CGC, rooted in classical natural law, emphasizes the role of law in promoting the flourishing of a well-ordered political community and achieving the "common good." In contrast, Liberal Constitutionalism prioritizes individual rights and liberties, limiting government power through a structured constitution and promoting democracy, rule of law, and human rights.

    Connections IV 2025 · Round 1 · 2025-08-30

  • This house prefers developing countries to invest in domestic child welfare and adoption systems rather than facilitate international adoptions

    Infoslide

    International adoption is when a child is adopted by individuals or families who live in a different country from the child’s country of birth. Many children adopted internationally come from countries with limited resources, high poverty rates, or histories of conflict. They are often adopted into countries with higher standards of living. In the past, countries like Guatemala, Cambodia, and Ethiopia have suspended or been suspended from international adoption due to serious concerns about forged documents, child trafficking, or a lack of oversight in the adoption process.

    Cambridge Union Schools Debating Championship Australia New Zealand Round 2025 · Round 1 · 2025-08-30

  • This house believes that governments should substantially reduce regulatory barriers (e.g. community consultation, environmental impact statements) that apply to mines for resources critical to developing green energy (e.g. lithium, copper, rare earth minerals)

    India ABP Fundraiser 2025 · Round 5 · 2025-08-30

  • This house supports the Yellow Envelope Act.

    Infoslide

    """The Yellow Envelope Act is a labor law reform in South Korea, which passed the legislature recently and about to be implemented in 6 months. It has the following characteristics: 1) It expands the definition of “employer” to include not only direct contractors but also parent companies or entities that effectively control working conditions. 2) It broadens the scope of lawful labor disputes to cover key management decisions, such as restructuring, outsourcing, and mergers. 3) It curtails corporation's ability to sue unions or individuals for financial damages after strikes."""

    India ABP Fundraiser 2025 · Round 2 · 2025-08-30

  • This house believes that governments should prioritise supply-side solutions over demand-side and redistributive solutions to address housing crises in major cities

    Infoslide

    In many major cities, housing costs have risen rapidly due to population growth, urbanisation, and limited new development. Economists broadly agree that two leading strategies can reduce housing costs: Supply-side solutions aim to increase the total number of housing units, primarily through zoning reform, easing building restrictions, and incentivising private development. Demand-side and redistributive solutions aim to help individuals afford housing through government interventions such as rent control, public/social housing, rental subsidies, or taxes on vacant homes. While both approaches can coexist, governments often have limited resources and must prioritise one approach in both funding and political capital.

    Cambridge Union Schools Debating Championship Australia New Zealand Round 2025 · Round 5 · 2025-08-30

  • This house supports granting the International Criminal Court expanded jurisdiction over third-party suppliers and supporters of military operations that are later found to involve war crimes

    Infoslide

    Third-party suppliers and supporters of military operations may include a wide range of actors. These can include arms manufacturers and exporters who provide weapons and ammunition; companies that supply military technologies such as surveillance tools, targeting software, or satellite imagery; logistics firms that transport troops, weapons, or supplies; private security contractors offering intelligence or strategic support; and financial institutions that fund or insure military activities. Support may also come from foreign governments or non-state actors who offer training, funding, or other forms of assistance. In many cases, these actors are not directly involved in combat but contribute materially or operationally to the functioning of a military campaign. While international criminal law sometimes attributes liability to such actors under doctrines like aiding and abetting, this typically requires a high threshold of intent or knowledge regarding specific crimes.

    Cambridge Union Schools Debating Championship Australia New Zealand Round 2025 · Grand-final · 2025-08-30

  • This house believes that journalists working for state-controlled media outlets with lacking editorial independence should not be granted protection under IHL when reporting during armed conflicts.

    Infoslide

    Editorial independence refers to the freedom of journalists and media organizations to make content decisions (including what to report, who to report, and how to report it) without pressure and/or censorship from the government. Examples of State-Controlled Media Organizations are People’s Television (Philippines), China Central Television Network, and Russia Today.

    2nd PRC IHL Debate Open · Round 1 · 2025-08-25