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  • (A) This house believes that developing countries should prioritise efficiency-oriented economic policy, instead of resilience-oriented economic policy

    Infoslide

    Efficiency-oriented economic policy centers on reducing prices and maximizing output by allocating production according to where a comparative advantage exists (e.g., lowering barriers to trade and investment, removing regulations that impede competition). Resilience-oriented economic policy sacrifices efficiency in order to build redundancies in the event of economic shocks (e.g., subsidizing domestic production, restricting trade of key technologies with adversaries, building national reserves).

    Taiwan International Debate Open 2025 · Open Quarterfinals · 2025-04-19

  • (C) This house supports the increasing decoupling of the EU from US foreign policy (e.g., the rearmament of Europe, lower dependence on US military supplies)

    Infoslide

    In 2025, US-EU relations have worsened due to trade conflicts, defense disagreements, and ideological tensions. President Trump imposed tariffs on EU goods, while US military aid suspensions to Ukraine fueled security concerns in Europe. In response, the EU is seeking greater independence in defense and foreign policy.

    Taiwan International Debate Open 2025 · Open Semifinals · 2025-04-19

  • This House Supports the unification of Mali, Niger and Burkina Faso into a single state

    Infoslide

    The Alliance of Sahel States ("AES") is a confederation formed between Mali, Niger, and Burkina Faso, which originated as a mutual defense pact created following the 2023 Nigerien crisis, in which the West African political bloc ECOWAS threatened to intervene militarily to restore civilian rule after a coup in Niger earlier that year. All three member states have since seceded from ECOWAS and are currently under the control of juntas following a string of successful coups. The AES was established on 6 July 2024, with the stated goals to pool resources to build energy and communications infrastructure, establish a common market, implement a monetary union under proposed currency, allow free movement of persons, and enable industrialization and investment, with the end goal of federalizing into a single sovereign state. The AES has already implemented common passports and a common custom duty, and is currently developing a joint military and counter terrorism force, central bank, and parliament.

    Imperial Online Open 2025 · Semifinals · 2025-04-19

  • This House Believes That the Cook Islands – China agreement is in the interests of the Cook Islands people.

    Infoslide

    The Cook Islands (pop. 15 000) is a self-governing Pacific island nation in free association with New Zealand. New Zealand is officially responsible for foreign policy and defence, and argues that it is to be consulted on defence and security issues. Cook Islanders hold New Zealand citizenship, and 80 000 Cook Islanders live in New Zealand. The last Cook Islands (annual) budget was €170 000 000, including €27 000 000 in foreign aid from New Zealand. Niue, another Pacific island nation, is also in free association with New Zealand. Recently, the Cook Islands signed a comprehensive strategic partnership with China. This prompted disapproval from New Zealand, particularly regarding a lack of consultation. The text of the agreement has not been released, but it is believed to include cooperation and investment in infrastructure, trade, tourism, and seabed mining. The Cook Islands have said that the agreement does not include debt, and assert that there are no security implications.

    Champagne Intervarsity 2025 · Round 2 · 2025-04-18

  • That, as the EU, we would invest in the construction of the Qatar-Turkey Natural Gas Pipeline

    Infoslide

    The Qatar-Turkey Pipeline is a proposed natural gas pipeline project that would transport gas from Qatar's North Field - one of the world's largest natural gas reserves - through Saudi Arabia, Jordan, and Syria to Turkey, eventually connecting to European energy networks

    UNSW Pre-Easters 2025 · Grand Final · 2025-04-15

  • This house, as the average American lower middle class individual, regrets U.S. government's efforts to strengthen domestic manufacturing

    Infoslide

    The Trump administration has levied multiple tariffs on US imports, such as 25% tariffs on steel and aluminum. His efforts have also secured nearly $2 trillion in new U.S.-based investments, such as a $100 billion investment from TSMC for U.S.-based semiconductor chip manufacturing, and a $500 billion investment from Apple for U.S.-based factories. "In late 2024, South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol declared martial law and sent military forces to the National Assembly, attempting to arrest opposition lawmakers.

    Ateneo Debate Open Pre-UADC 2025 · Round 4 · 2025-04-12

  • This house regrets the decline of Tesla

    Infoslide

    Falling sales indicate that Tesla's financial health is fundamentally faltering as competitors are surging, particularly rival BYD. The Chinese EV and battery maker for the first time topped Tesla in revenue in 2024 and is on pace to become the global leader in electric vehicle sales this year.

    Ateneo Debate Open Pre-UADC 2025 · Open Quarterfinals · 2025-04-12

  • This house regrets the decline of Tesla

    Infoslide

    Falling sales indicate that Tesla's financial health is fundamentally faltering as competitors are surging, particularly rival BYD. The Chinese EV and battery maker for the first time topped Tesla in revenue in 2024 and is on pace to become the global leader in electric vehicle sales this year.

    Ateneo Debate Open Pre-UADC 2025 · Schools Semifinals · 2025-04-12

  • This House Opposes the rising use of economic warfare as a geopolitical tool.

    Infoslide

    Economic warfare is the use of financial, trade, and technological tools by states to weaken or coerce other countries for strategic advantage. It goes beyond sanctions, targeting critical systems to cause economic disruption.

    BITS Pilani Parliamentary Debate 2025 · Open Semifinals · 2025-04-11

  • This House Opposes the Globalization of the Major European Football Leagues

    Infoslide

    “Major European Football Leagues” include the English Premier League, the German Bundesliga, the Italian Seria A, the French Ligue 1 and the Spanish La Liga. For the purpose of this debate, globalization of football leagues refers to increasing the number of international players, creating ownership franchises and actively promoting the league in foreign countries.

    Nordic Schools Debating Championships 2025 · Round 4 · 2025-04-07

  • This house opposes the ideology of globalism

    Infoslide

    Context: The Ideology of globalism refers to the sociopolitical view that increased interdependency, international trade and political unions and alliances between states and nations are desirable phenomena.

    Xth NLUO BPD 2025 · Round 2 · 2025-04-05

  • B: This house believes that that Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) should aggressively aim for global expansion

    Infoslide

    B: The Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) is a Taiwanese private company that produces 80-90% of the world's most advanced semiconductor chips and currently supplies to major companies like Apple, Nvidia etc. While the central govt of Taiwan is its largest shareholder, the company is majority owned by multiple foreign investors. Since the late 2020s, TSMC has gradually opened chip factories in the US and Japan - although majority of the chip manufacturing continues to reside within Taiwan.

    Sunway Asian Parliamentary 2025 · Grand Final · 2025-04-05

  • This house, as India, would publicly build its strategic stronghold over the Malacca Strait through military and maritime development.

    Infoslide

    The Indian Ocean is considered one of the most strategically significant seas globally, connecting five continents. It facilitates a significant portion of the world's busiest sea lines of communication and holds key strategic relevance in military activity, oil supply, trade, and force projection. India controls the Western Gateway into the Malacca Strait, through its Andaman and Nicobar Islands which act as a geographical barrier. China's energy security is highly dependent on the Malacca Strait, with about 60 percent of its crude oil consumption passing through this chokepoint, while the U.S. needs it to supply its allies in the region.

    77th MUKMEM 2025 · Semifinals · 2025-04-05

  • This house believes that East African national governments should prioritize investments in agriculture (e.g., irrigation, R&D, and inputs like fertilizer) over accelerating industrialization (e.g., building infrastructure, export promotion).

    HWS Round Robin 2025 · Round 5-A · 2025-04-05